1 Modeler’s Note: The overall planning horizon is 2020 to 2050, 10 years beyond the growth forecast which spans from 2020 to 2040. We choose to use a longer modeling time-horizon to understand implications of capital investments and the impacts of the operational savings they may generate. Due to the inherent uncertainties when modeling campus growth 20+ years in the future, used the simplifying assumption that the campus would remain at the 2040 size and space mix for the final 10 years of the model.
2 University of Massachusetts Amherst East/West Intertie Analysis, May 14, 2020, Waldron Engineering & Construction, Inc.
3 https://secondnature.org/signatory-handbook/carbon-management-greenhouse-gas-mitigation/
4 Small, Ezra, "Climate Action Plan 2.0" (2012). Sustainable UMass. 3. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/csi/3 PP. 15-17
5 Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard Program: https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program/renewable-identification-numbers-rins-underrenewable- fuel-standard
6 EPA. (2014). Capture, Supply, and Underground Injection of Carbon Dioxide. https://www.epa.gov/ghgreporting/capture-supply-and-underground-injection-carbon-dioxide
7 World Bank. 2020. State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2020. Washington, DC: World Bank
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8 EPA. (2017) The Social Cost of Carbon https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climatechange/socialcost- carbon_.html