March 5, 2026

How long does it take to get a permit to build a wind or solar farm? A new study co-authored by Assistant Professor of Public Policy Juniper Katz finds that 90% of projects reviewed by state authorities across 19 states are approved, most within about a year — but some states take twice as long as others. The research, published in Frontiers in Sustainable Energy Policy, provides the first comprehensive look at state-level permitting data for renewable energy in the U.S. As states reform their permitting processes to meet clean energy goals, these findings offer a crucial baseline for evaluating what works.