The study was carried out by Charli Carpenter, Economics' Kevin Young, Bernhard Leidner of Psychology and Brain Sciences and DACSS alum Kristina Becvar, along with a team of seven undergraduate researchers. The paper extends the "first daughter" hypothesis - that fathers of daughters are more likely to hold gender egalitarian attitudes - to a non-Western context, and is the first such study in Afghanistan. We find that Afghan fathers of eldest daughters are significantly more likely to support women's human rights if first asked to think about the gender of their eldest children - suggesting the first daughter effect can be 'primed' by human rights advocates even situations of extreme gender inequality. This is important particularly in such contexts since men, especially fathers, have more power to affect change than do women in gender-inegalitarian societies.