Research Project Summary
UMass Clean Energy Extension and its research partners – UMass Agricultural Extension, the UMass Cranberry Station, the UMass Department of Resource Economics, and the American Farmland Trust – conducted a four-year research project to evaluate the Impacts of Dual-Use Solar on Crop Productivity and the Agricultural Economy in Massachusetts and Beyond. The research work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the Solar Energy Technologies Office Award Number DE-EE0009374.
The research team collaborated with private solar developers and host farmers who are implementing agrivoltaic operations at sites around the Commonwealth. The project explored two main areas of research:
- Impacts on crop productivity, soil health, cultivation practice, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and microclimatic conditions across diverse farming systems and agrivoltaic solar array designs
- Impacts and implications for economic systems, including on-farm economics, agricultural economies, and the public welfare in Massachusetts and nationally
The project culminated in the development of agrivoltaic management guidelines, fact sheets, and comprehensive economic analyses. Research results and materials are available to growers, research communities, state and national policy agencies and laboratories, and agriculture and solar markets with the goal of achieving more market and regulatory certainty.
Project Activities and Outcomes
For more information about the project and related resources, click on the following links:
Research Activities and Outcomes
Project Context in Massachusetts
As Massachusetts makes progress toward its clean energy and greenhouse gas reduction commitments, solar development in the state has quickly accelerated, creating new challenges and opportunities for the state’s agricultural sector. State policymakers seeking to balance needs for both energy and food production and reduce land use competition have been exploring the development of dual-use solar and agriculture systems, designed to allow for both productive farming and solar electricity generation on the same plot of land. You can learn more about our other work with dual-use systems here.
Under a set of program guidelines intended to encourage agrivoltaic innovation and implementation, the current state solar incentive program, Solar Massachusetts Renewable Target (SMART), provides for an incentive adder for qualifying agrivoltaic projects, known as agricultural solar tariff generation units (ASTGUs).
However, a lack of robust research and information on (1) the agricultural productivity of these systems, (2) the economic impacts of agrivoltaic systems on farms and farmers, and (3) the effect of these systems on the broader agricultural economy, have all led to important questions regarding where and how these projects might be effectively implemented here in Massachusetts, throughout the region, and across the country.
For more information, contact Mary Kraus at mlkraus[at]umass[dot]edu (mlkraus[at]umass[dot]edu), 413-545-8514.