Colds and Flu
The common cold
Sooner or later, everyone gets a cold. In fact, the average person gets between one and six each year.
Typical symptoms include fever, sore throat, headaches, nasal congestion, and cough; these can last anywhere from a few days to several weeks. Colds are caused by one of more than 200 different viruses, transmitted through close contact with an infected person.
Influenza
Each year, several varieties of viruses that cause influenza circulate throughout the world. They’re spread during close human contact, by the coughing and sneezing of an infected person. Spread happens more frequently in the winter months, when people are indoors.
Symptoms are similar to those of colds, but more severe. They usually start with a high fever, shaking chills and intense muscle aches, followed by headache, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough and weakness.
More about colds and flu.
Prevention
To help prevent colds and flu, wash your hands often, eat nutritiously, rest, avoid crowds and minimize close contact with people who are sick.
Influenza can also be prevented with an immunization before flu season begins. Flu shots are especially important for young children, older adults and those with chronic medical conditions.
Treatment
Rest, fluids and over-the-counter medications are key; follow the guidelines in these treatment tips.
Antibiotics do not treat viruses and are of no benefit for colds. Influenza can be treated with antiviral medication if it’s early in the illness.
Seek medical care if fevers persist, coughs get worse, chest pains or shortness of breath develop, or headaches or facial pains are severe or prolonged.
Cold and Flu FAQs
Learn more about these common illnesses with these FAQs.
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The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has timely information on flu. Visit the website.
