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Executive Summary: Eighty-one percent of the students surveyed said they are registered to vote. Nearly seventy percent of the students who are registered voted in the 1996 Presidential election. Three-quarters of those who voted cast a ballot for Bill Clinton. Almost sixty percent of those who cast a ballot said that when they voted for president they were really voting against candidates they did not want instead of voting for a candidate they really wanted. The three most important qualities respondents feel that a president should possess are being trustworthy, being in touch with the American public, and having a strong moral character. Nearly three-quarters of the respondents feel that the economy is a very important election issue while thirty percent feel that affirmative action is a very important election issue. At least sixty percent of the students feel that the Federal government spends too much money on foreign aid and defense, while at least three-quarters of those surveyed believe that the Federal government does not spend enough money on poverty and education.
On Tuesday, November 5, 1996, Project Pulse conducted a telephone survey to investigate students' participation in, and attitudes about, the 1996 Presidential election. Interviewers attempted to contact 1,315 students who were randomly selected by computer from the undergraduate student population. The response rate for the survey was 43%. The final disposition of the calling list is presented in Table 1. Demographics of the respondents are presented in Table 2.
|
Table 1: Final Disposition
of Calling List
|
|||
|
|
N
|
% of Total
|
% of Contacted
|
| In & cooperated |
489
|
37.2
|
85.0
|
| Contacted but refused |
86
|
7.0
|
15.0
|
| Not contacted |
554
|
42.1
|
|
| Unobtainable phone no. |
181
|
13.7
|
|
| Ineligible |
5
|
0.3
|
|
| Totals |
1,315
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
Table 2: Sample Demographics
|
|
|
|
%
|
| Female |
48.2
|
| Male |
51.8
|
| First-year |
31.6
|
| Sophomore |
20.9
|
| Junior |
23.0
|
| Senior |
20.9
|
| Fifth-year senior |
3.6
|
| Biracial/Multi-racial |
2.8
|
| African-American/Black |
2.3
|
| Asian-American/Pacific Islander |
4.4
|
| Latino/Hispanic/Chicano |
1.7
|
| Native American/American Indian |
0.8
|
| White/Caucasian |
85.6
|
| Other |
2.3
|
| Republican |
7.5
|
| Democrat |
22.7
|
| Unaffiliated |
56.6
|
| Not sure |
13.2
|
| Northeast/Sylvan |
12.4
|
| Orchard Hill/Central |
22.6
|
| Southwest |
31.2
|
| Fraternity or Sorority |
1.0
|
| Hillel |
0.2
|
| Off campus |
32.5
|
|
Average age = 20.4 years
|
|
Over eighty percent (n=389) of the students surveyed said they are currently registered to vote, and of these, 23% (n=88) are registered in Amherst. Thirty-seven percent (n=142) of these students said they registered this fall on campus. Just over two-thirds (68.9%, n=268) of those who are registered said they voted in this year's Presidential election. Over one-third (36.5%, n=42) of those who are registered but did not vote said they did not vote because they "didn't arrange for an absentee ballot in time for the election" (see Table 3).
|
Table 3: What was your
most important reason for not voting?
|
||
|
|
N
|
%
|
| Didn't know where to vote |
5
|
4.3
|
| Didn't like any of the candidates |
13
|
11.3
|
| Don't feel their vote makes a difference |
3
|
2.6
|
| Didn't arrange for an absentee ballot in time |
42
|
36.5
|
| Didn't have a way to get to the polls |
8
|
7.0
|
| Just didn't feel like it |
14
|
12.2
|
| Other |
30
|
26.1
|
Seventy percent (n=329) of those surveyed said they were very or somewhat interested in this year's presidential election. Respondents also were asked about their choice for President and U.S. Senator. Three-quarters (n=193) said they voted for Bill Clinton. Bob Dole received 12% (n=30) of the vote and Ross Perot garnered six percent (n=14). Just over 7% (n=19) said they chose some other candidate. For the Massachusetts Senate seat, almost two-thirds (n=155) of the students reported voting for John Kerry, while almost one-third (n=78) said they voted for Bill Weld. Two percent (n=4) said they voted for some other candidate.
Students also were asked whether they were voting more for a presidential candidate they really wanted or against presidential candidates they did not want. More than half (56.3%, n=143) of the students said they voted against candidates they did not want. Figure 1 shows students' level of enthusiasm about the presidential candidate they chose.
Next, students were read a list of qualities that some people think are important in a president and were asked to indicate how important each quality is to them personally. Almost 100% of the respondents feel that "being trustworthy" (98.5%, n=465), "being 'in touch' with the American public" (98.3%, n=462), and "having strong moral character" (97.3%, n=456) are important (either 'somewhat' or 'very') qualities that a president should possess (see Figure 2).
Next, students were asked to indicate how important each of 9 election issues is to them. Figure 3 shows the percentages of respondents who feel each issue is very important.
Students also were read a list of eight general areas which comprise the federal budget and asked if they think our government currently spends "too much," "not enough," or "about the right amount" of money in each area. Table 4 summarizes the results for the eight areas of the federal budget included.
|
Table 4: Please indicate
whether you think the federal government currently spends too much, not
enough, or about the right amount of money in each of the following areas.
|
|||
|
Too Much Money
|
Not Enough Money
|
About the Right Amount
|
|
| The Environment |
6.1%
|
67.3%
|
26.6%
|
| Health Care |
6.9%
|
69.1%
|
23.9%
|
| Poverty |
8.0%
|
72.8%
|
19.2%
|
| Foreign Aid |
63.0%
|
7.5%
|
29.5%
|
| Crime |
9.6%
|
53.0%
|
37.4%
|
| Education |
1.7%
|
88.7%
|
9.6%
|
| Defense |
60.9%
|
8.0%
|
31.1%
|
Finally, students were asked about their consumption of media coverage of the presidential election. When asked how many of the presidential and vice presidential debates they watched, almost two thirds (63.2%, n=295) of the students said they watched at least one (see Figure 4).
Students also were asked how often in the last month they read newspapers and watched national news on television (see Figure 5).
ITEM-BY-ITEM
Project Pulse November 5, 1996
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION SURVEY (F96-G)
Hello, is this ____? My name is ____. I'm calling you tonight for Project Pulse
of the Student Affairs Research Office at UMass. We are doing a telephone survey
to find out about student attitudes toward the presidential election. You have
been randomly selected from the entire undergraduate population to be part of
tonight's survey. I'd like to ask you some questions which should take only about
five minutes. All of your responses are completely confidential. Please feel
free to ask questions at any time.
First, I'd like to ask you some questions about voting.
Are you currently registered to vote?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Yes 1 389 80.7 81.0 81.0
No 2 84 17.4 17.5 98.5
Not a US Citizen 3 7 1.5 1.5 100.0
dk/refused 4 2 .4 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 480 Missing cases 2
(if not registered)
What is your most important reason for not being registered to vote?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Never got around to registering 1 24 28.6 30.0 30.0
Not old enough 2 8 9.5 10.0 40.0
Don't think my vote matters 3 3 3.6 3.8 43.8
Not that interested in politics 4 28 33.3 35.0 78.8
Other 5 17 20.2 21.3 100.0
dk/refused 6 4 4.8 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 84 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 80 Missing cases 4
Did you register here on campus this fall?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Yes 1 142 36.5 36.6 36.6
No 2 246 63.2 63.4 100.0
dk/refused 3 1 .3 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 389 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 388 Missing cases 1
Where are you registered to vote?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Amherst, MA 1 88 22.6 22.9 22.9
Another town in MA 2 275 70.7 71.6 94.5
Another state 3 21 5.4 5.5 100.0
dk/refused 4 5 1.3 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 389 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 384 Missing cases 5
Are you registered as a:
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Republican 1 29 7.5 7.5 7.5
Democrat 2 88 22.6 22.7 30.2
Unaffiliated 3 219 56.3 56.6 86.8
Not sure 4 51 13.1 13.2 100.0
dk/refused 5 2 .5 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 389 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 387 Missing cases 2
Did you vote in this year's presidential election?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Yes 1 268 68.9 68.9 68.9
No 2 121 31.1 31.1 100.0
------- ------- -------
Total 389 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 389 Missing cases 0
What was your most important reason for not voting?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
didn't know where to vote 3 5 4.1 4.3 4.3
didn't like any of
the candidates 4 13 10.7 11.3 15.7
don't feel their vote
really made a difference 5 3 2.5 2.6 18.3
didn't arrange for an absentee
ballot in time for the
election 6 42 34.7 36.5 54.8
did not have a way to get to
the polls 8 8 6.6 7.0 61.7
just didn't feel like it 9 14 11.6 12.2 73.9
other 10 30 24.8 26.1 100.0
dk/refused 11 6 5.0 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 121 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 115 Missing cases 6
Which presidential candidate did you vote for in this year's election?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Bob Dole 1 30 11.2 11.7 11.7
Bill Clinton 2 193 72.0 75.4 87.1
Ross Perot 3 14 5.2 5.5 92.6
other 4 19 7.1 7.4 100.0
refused answer 5 12 4.5 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 268 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 256 Missing cases 12
When you voted for President, would you say that you were voting more
for a candidate you really wanted, or against candidates you did not want?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
For a candidate I really wanted 1 111 41.4 43.7 43.7
Against candidates I did not
want 2 143 53.4 56.3 100.0
dk/refused 3 14 5.2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 268 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 254 Missing cases 14
How would you describe your level of enthusiasm about the presidential
candidate you voted for?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very enthusiastic 1 47 17.5 17.7 17.7
Somewhat enthusiastic 2 154 57.5 57.9 75.6
Somewhat unenthusiastic 3 54 20.1 20.3 95.9
Very unenthusiastic 4 11 4.1 4.1 100.0
dk/refused 5 2 .7 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 268 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 266 Missing cases 2
(if registered in Mass and voted in election)
For which candidate did you vote for Senator of Massachusetts?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Weld 1 78 20.5 32.9 32.9
Kerry 2 155 40.7 65.4 98.3
Some other candidate 3 4 1.0 1.7 100.0
. 132 34.6 Missing
dk/refused 4 12 3.1 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 381 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 237 Missing cases 144
(all voters)
When you voted in this election, were the political candidates you voted
for ALL REPUBLICANS, ALL DEMOCRATS, OR A MIXTURE OF CANDIDATES FROM VARIOUS
POLITICAL PARTIES?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
All Republicans 1 8 3.0 3.0 3.0
All Democrats 2 90 33.6 33.6 36.6
Mixture 3 170 63.4 63.4 100.0
------- ------- -------
Total 268 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 268 Missing cases 0
I am going to read a list of qualities that some people think are important
in a president. Please indicate how important each quality is TO YOU PERSONALLY.
Being Trustworthy
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 372 78.6 78.8 78.8
Somewhat important 2 93 19.7 19.7 98.5
Somewhat unimportant 3 5 1.1 1.1 99.6
Very unimportant 4 2 .4 .4 100.0
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 472 Missing cases 1
Being faithful to one's spouse
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 173 36.6 36.7 36.7
Somewhat important 2 190 40.2 40.3 77.1
Somewhat unimportant 3 66 14.0 14.0 91.1
Very unimportant 4 42 8.9 8.9 100.0
dk/refused 5 2 .4 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 471 Missing cases 2
Looking good on camera
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 19 4.0 4.1 4.1
Somewhat important 2 107 22.6 22.8 26.9
Somewhat unimportant 3 136 28.8 29.0 55.9
Very unimportant 4 207 43.8 44.1 100.0
dk/refused 5 4 .8 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
Being "in touch" with the American public
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 415 87.7 88.3 88.3
Somewhat important 2 47 9.9 10.0 98.3
Somewhat unimportant 3 3 .6 .6 98.9
Very unimportant 4 5 1.1 1.1 100.0
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 470 Missing cases 3
Having prior military service
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 34 7.2 7.3 7.3
Somewhat important 2 145 30.7 31.0 38.2
Somewhat unimportant 3 148 31.3 31.6 69.9
Very unimportant 4 141 29.8 30.1 100.0
dk/refused 5 5 1.1 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 468 Missing cases 5
Being under 65 years of age
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 70 14.8 14.9 14.9
Somewhat important 2 178 37.6 38.0 52.9
Somewhat unimportant 3 99 20.9 21.1 74.0
Very unimportant 4 122 25.8 26.0 100.0
dk/refused 5 4 .8 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
Having strong moral character
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 314 66.4 67.0 67.0
Somewhat important 2 142 30.0 30.3 97.2
Somewhat unimportant 3 9 1.9 1.9 99.1
Very unimportant 4 4 .8 .9 100.0
dk/refused 5 4 .8 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
Having prior experience in political office
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 305 64.5 64.9 64.9
Somewhat important 2 133 28.1 28.3 93.2
Somewhat unimportant 3 21 4.4 4.5 97.7
Very unimportant 4 11 2.3 2.3 100.0
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 470 Missing cases 3
Having prior experience in foreign affairs
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 264 55.8 56.2 56.2
Somewhat important 2 188 39.7 40.0 96.2
Somewhat unimportant 3 11 2.3 2.3 98.5
Very unimportant 4 7 1.5 1.5 100.0
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 470 Missing cases 3
Please indicate how important each of the following election issues
is TO YOU PERSONALLY.
Crime
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 260 55.0 55.2 55.2
Somewhat important 2 185 39.1 39.3 94.5
Somewhat unimportant 3 20 4.2 4.2 98.7
Very unimportant 4 6 1.3 1.3 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 471 Missing cases 2
The Economy
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 347 73.4 73.7 73.7
Somewhat important 2 111 23.5 23.6 97.2
Somewhat unimportant 3 10 2.1 2.1 99.4
Very unimportant 4 3 .6 .6 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 471 Missing cases 2
Welfare
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 214 45.2 45.4 45.4
Somewhat important 2 196 41.4 41.6 87.0
Somewhat unimportant 3 41 8.7 8.7 95.8
Very unimportant 4 20 4.2 4.2 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 471 Missing cases 2
Foreign policy
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 146 30.9 31.1 31.1
Somewhat important 2 270 57.1 57.4 88.5
Somewhat unimportant 3 42 8.9 8.9 97.4
Very unimportant 4 12 2.5 2.6 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 2 .4 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 470 Missing cases 3
The Budget Deficit
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 253 53.5 53.9 53.9
Somewhat important 2 166 35.1 35.4 89.3
Somewhat unimportant 3 36 7.6 7.7 97.0
Very unimportant 4 14 3.0 3.0 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
Abortion
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 188 39.7 40.1 40.1
Somewhat important 2 171 36.2 36.5 76.5
Somewhat unimportant 3 66 14.0 14.1 90.6
Very unimportant 4 44 9.3 9.4 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
Taxes
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 241 51.0 51.2 51.2
Somewhat important 2 195 41.2 41.4 92.6
Somewhat unimportant 3 30 6.3 6.4 98.9
Very unimportant 4 5 1.1 1.1 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 471 Missing cases 2
Affirmative Action
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 138 29.2 29.4 29.4
Somewhat important 2 228 48.2 48.6 78.0
Somewhat unimportant 3 66 14.0 14.1 92.1
Very unimportant 4 37 7.8 7.9 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
Family Values
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very important 1 185 39.1 39.3 39.3
Somewhat important 2 180 38.1 38.2 77.5
Somewhat unimportant 3 66 14.0 14.0 91.5
Very unimportant 4 40 8.5 8.5 100.0
. 1 .2 Missing
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 471 Missing cases 2
I am going to read you a list of general areas which comprise our federal
budget. Please indicate whether you think the federal government currently
spends Too Much, Not Enough, or About the Right Amount of money in each area.
The Environment
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 27 5.7 6.1 6.1
Not enough money 2 299 63.2 67.3 73.4
About the right amount 3 118 24.9 26.6 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 27 5.7 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 444 Missing cases 29
Health Care
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 31 6.6 6.9 6.9
Not enough money 2 309 65.3 69.1 76.1
About the right amount 3 107 22.6 23.9 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 24 5.1 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 447 Missing cases 26
Poverty
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 36 7.6 8.0 8.0
Not enough money 2 326 68.9 72.8 80.8
About the right amount 3 86 18.2 19.2 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 23 4.9 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 448 Missing cases 25
Foreign Aid
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 277 58.6 63.0 63.0
Not enough money 2 33 7.0 7.5 70.5
About the right amount 3 130 27.5 29.5 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 31 6.6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 440 Missing cases 33
Crime
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 43 9.1 9.6 9.6
Not enough money 2 237 50.1 53.0 62.6
About the right amount 3 167 35.3 37.4 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 24 5.1 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 447 Missing cases 26
Education
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 8 1.7 1.7 1.7
Not enough money 2 407 86.0 88.7 90.4
About the right amount 3 44 9.3 9.6 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 12 2.5 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 459 Missing cases 14
Defense
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Too much money 1 274 57.9 60.9 60.9
Not enough money 2 36 7.6 8.0 68.9
About the right amount 3 140 29.6 31.1 100.0
. 2 .4 Missing
dk/refused 4 21 4.4 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 450 Missing cases 23
Of the two presidential debates and one vice-presidential debate,
how many did you watch?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
None 1 172 36.4 36.8 36.8
One 2 155 32.8 33.2 70.0
Two 3 100 21.1 21.4 91.4
All three 4 40 8.5 8.6 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 5 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 467 Missing cases 6
How interested were you in this year's presidential election?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Very interested 1 95 20.1 20.3 20.3
Somewhat interested 2 234 49.5 49.9 70.1
Somewhat uninterested 3 91 19.2 19.4 89.6
Very uninterested 4 49 10.4 10.4 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 5 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 469 Missing cases 4
During the past month, how often have you read newspapers for national news?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
At least once per day 1 85 18.0 18.2 18.2
Every couple of days 2 184 38.9 39.3 57.5
About once per week 3 110 23.3 23.5 81.0
Less than once per week 4 89 18.8 19.0 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 5 2 .4 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 468 Missing cases 5
During the past month, how often have you watched national news on television?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
At lease once per day 1 141 29.8 30.3 30.3
Every couple of days 2 172 36.4 37.0 67.3
About once per week 3 82 17.3 17.6 84.9
Less than once per week 4 70 14.8 15.1 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 5 5 1.1 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 473 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 465 Missing cases 8
The following few questions ask for demographic information. This
information allows us to compare differences, if any, between groups.
Are you a:
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
First-year student 1 151 31.3 31.6 31.6
Sophomore 2 100 20.7 20.9 52.5
Junior 3 110 22.8 23.0 75.5
Senior 4 100 20.7 20.9 96.4
Fifth year senior 5 17 3.5 3.6 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 6 1 .2 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 478 Missing cases 4
What is your age?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
17 10 2.1 2.1 2.1
18 127 26.3 26.5 28.6
19 101 21.0 21.1 49.7
20 77 16.0 16.1 65.8
21 85 17.6 17.7 83.5
22 35 7.3 7.3 90.8
23 12 2.5 2.5 93.3
24 10 2.1 2.1 95.4
25 6 1.2 1.3 96.7
26 1 .2 .2 96.9
27 3 .6 .6 97.5
28 1 .2 .2 97.7
30 3 .6 .6 98.3
32 1 .2 .2 98.5
40 1 .2 .2 98.7
42 1 .2 .2 99.0
43 1 .2 .2 99.2
45 1 .2 .2 99.4
51 1 .2 .2 99.6
62 1 .2 .2 99.8
99 1 .2 .2 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Mean 20.407
Valid cases 479 Missing cases 3
How would you characterize your political views in general? Would you
say that you are -
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Far left 1 30 6.2 6.6 6.6
Liberal 2 153 31.7 33.6 40.2
Middle-of-the-road 3 216 44.8 47.5 87.7
Conservative 4 47 9.8 10.3 98.0
Far right 5 9 1.9 2.0 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 6 24 5.0 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 455 Missing cases 27
What is your religion or spiritual orientation?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
African Methodist Episcopal 1 1 .2 .2 .2
Agnostic 2 11 2.3 2.3 2.5
Baha'i 6 1 .2 .2 2.7
Baptist 7 6 1.2 1.3 4.0
Buddhist 9 2 .4 .4 4.4
Catholic/Roman Catholic 10 220 45.6 45.9 50.3
Christian 11 22 4.6 4.6 54.9
Episcopalian 15 2 .4 .4 55.3
Greek Orthodox 17 2 .4 .4 55.7
Jehovah's Witness 20 1 .2 .2 55.9
Jewish 21 25 5.2 5.2 61.2
Lutheran 22 1 .2 .2 61.4
Methodist 23 3 .6 .6 62.0
Muslim 25 1 .2 .2 62.2
Orthodox 26 4 .8 .8 63.0
Pagan 27 3 .6 .6 63.7
Protestant 30 37 7.7 7.7 71.4
Unitarian 40 4 .8 .8 72.2
Other 43 9 1.9 1.9 74.1
Atheist-not religious/
spiritual - none 97 86 17.8 18.0 92.1
Not applicable 98 14 2.9 2.9 95.0
refused/don't know 99 24 5.0 5.0 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 479 Missing cases 3
Which of the following best describes your race or ethnicity?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Biracial, or Multi-racial 1 13 2.7 2.8 2.8
African-American, or Black 2 11 2.3 2.3 5.1
Asian-American, or Pacific
Islander 3 21 4.4 4.4 9.5
Latino/Hispanic/Chicano 4 8 1.7 1.7 11.2
Native American, or N. or S.
American Indian or
Alaskan 5 4 .8 .8 12.1
White, or Caucasian 6 404 83.8 85.6 97.7
Other 7 11 2.3 2.3 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 8 7 1.5 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 472 Missing cases 10
Do you live in -
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Northeast/Sylvan 1 59 12.2 12.4 12.4
Orchard Hill/Central 2 108 22.4 22.6 35.0
Southwest 3 149 30.9 31.2 66.2
Fraternity or Sorority 5 5 1.0 1.0 67.3
Hillel 6 1 .2 .2 67.5
Off campus 7 155 32.2 32.5 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
dk/refused 8 2 .4 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 477 Missing cases 5
Into which of the following categories does your parents' or guardians'
yearly income fall?
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
less than $24,999 1 26 5.4 6.7 6.7
$25,000 to $39,999 2 77 16.0 19.8 26.5
$40,000 to $49,999 3 43 8.9 11.1 37.5
$50,000 to $59,999 4 58 12.0 14.9 52.4
$60,000 to $74,999 5 63 13.1 16.2 68.6
$75,000 to $99,999 6 68 14.1 17.5 86.1
$100,000 to $149,999 7 38 7.9 9.8 95.9
$150,000 or more 8 16 3.3 4.1 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
Refused to answer 9 23 4.8 Missing
Don't know 10 67 13.9 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Mean 4.262
Valid cases 389 Missing cases 93
Interviewer: Is the respondent -
Valid Cum
Value Label Value Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Female 1 231 47.9 48.2 48.2
Male 2 248 51.5 51.8 100.0
. 3 .6 Missing
------- ------- -------
Total 482 100.0 100.0
Valid cases 479 Missing cases 3