Clean Energy for the Commonwealth

A report of the UMass system-wide Clean Energy Working Group (2008) [PDF]

 

Use

The global demand for energy is climbing. Forward-thinking energy distribution, storage, and waste management strategies are needed to accommodate the rising demand for affordable energy.

Faculty & Research
(Print All Faculty Profiles)

Lawrence Ambs
Industrial Energy Efficiency

Ken Carter
Functional Polymeric Nanostructures

Mark Corner
Energy Harvesting and Management in Mobile and Embedded Computing Devices

Bryan Coughlin
Synthesis of Polymer Nanocomposites for Renewable Energy Materials and Devices

Charlie Curcija
Building Energy Efficiency

Stephen de Bruyn Kops
Energy Efficiency and Pollutant Prevention through Turbulence Modeling

Todd Emrick
Functional Polymers

Sarina Ergas
Reclamation of Industrial Wastewater

Beka Kosanovic
Industrial Energy Assessment & Combined Heat and Power

Daniel Lass
Micro-Econometrics

James Manwell
Wind Power and Distributed Energy

Jon McGowan
Wind Power and Distributed Energy

Anna Nagurney
Sustainable Supply Chains

Omid Oliaei
Flame Characterization

Rutherford Platt
Ecological Urban Environments

David Schmidt
Fluid Dynamics of Fuel Injection

Phillip Westmoreland
Energy Efficiency Promotion and Pollutant Prevention through Flame Measurement and Modeling



   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Lawrence Ambs
Professor Emeritus, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
220 E Lab, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-2210
(413) 545-2539
ambs@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/mie/faculty/ambs.html
 
 
 
Industrial Energy Efficiency
Conservation is the most immediate way to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. Conservation strategies targeted toward industrial energy users have the potential to significantly reduce consumption. Our research and outreach activities are directed toward reducing industrial energy use, waste, and pollution as well as improving productivity, product quality, and profitability. Our research and outreach activities are directed toward reducing industrial energy use, waste, and pollution as well as improving productivity, product quality, and profitability.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Applied thermodynamics and energy conversion
Identifying operational strategies to minimize energy use of industrial equipment such as fluid chillers, cooling tower systems and injection molding machines
Cogeneration process and economics
Deploying Combined Heat and Power in Industrial, Commercial and Institutional Settings to reduce national energy use
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Director Northeast CHP Application Center Industrial Assessment Center

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Solar, High-efficiency Electronic Devices
Ken Carter
Associate Professor, Polymer Science and Engineering
416 Conte Building, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-9292
(413) 577-1416
krcarter@polysci.umass.edu
http://www.pse.umass.edu/faculty/carter.html
 
 
 
Functional Polymeric Nanostructures
There has been a steady increase in number of techniques and "tools" that are available to the polymer chemist that have allowed us to continue to gain a better understanding of complex systems and to "build" polymers with functionality and properties that were not thought possible even 5 years ago. Our research group is concerned with the design and use of high performance polymers, especially as they impact advanced microelectronics and devices. Specific research programs include high resolution nanopatterning (materials and processes); synthesis and design of electroactive polymers; controlled surface functionalization of nanopatterned polymer surfaces; bioactive surfaces and sensors.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Nanolithography and Imprint Lithography
Controlled creation of nanostructures. Development of materials and processes to allow for nanofabrication
Functionalized structures
Surface modification of polymer thin films that allows for the creation of chemical specific surfaces
Polymer brushes
Study of the controlled growth of polymer brushes
Electrical and Optical Active Polymers
Design and synthesis of polymers for LED, waveguide, photovoltaic and organic electronic device applications
Patterned Bioactive Surface
Synthesis of controlled bioactive surfaces for sensor and therapeutic applications
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Massachusetts Center for Renewable Energy Science & Technology (Mass-CREST)

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Energy Management
Mark Corner
Assistant Professor, Computer Science
140 Governors Drive, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-9264
413-545-3788
mcorner@cs.umass.edu
http://www.cs.umass.edu/~mcorner/
 
 
 
Energy Harvesting and Management in Mobile and Embedded Computing Devices
Professor Corner is broadly interested in energy harvesting and management in mobile and embedded computing devices, such as laptops, phones, and embedded sensing devices.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Using heterogeneous embedded platforms for energy management.
Enables always-on functionality for laptops and sensor microservers using low-power surrogate devices to sense events of interest and trigger device wake up.
Energy harvesting and programming languages for wildlife management
Easier deployment of solar-powered wildlife tracking devices, such as turtles.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Fuel Cells and Batteries
Bryan Coughlin
Co-Director Mass-CREST - Associate Professor, Polymer Science and Engineering
612 Conte Building, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-9292
(413) 577-1616
coughlin@mail.pse.umass.edu
http://www.pse.umass.edu/coughlin
 
 
 
Synthesis of Polymer Nanocomposites for Renewable Energy Materials and Devices
Synthesis of novel polymer-inorganic hybrid copolymers, and investigation of their physical and mechanical properties. Copolymerization of molecularly precise nanometer-scale inorganic particles with simple vinyl monomers to develop fundamental understandings necessary to exploit the resulting structure-property correlations. A chemistry-based “bottom-up” approach to the formation of hybrid polymer nanocomposites, harnessing the beneficial thermodynamics associated with self-assembly processes.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Living Polymerization
Living polymerization enables the creation of well-defined block copolymer electrolyte compositions. The objective of this research is to precisely control fuel cell membrane property determining factors such as ionic strength, inter-ionic distances, and water uptake.
Novel Block Copolymer Assemblies for Improved Fuel Cell Membranes
Current proton-conducting membrane materials (e.g. Nafion) cannot operate at low relative humidity - this is a fundatmental limitation. This research investigates the effects of novel polymer chemistries and tailored morphologies on proton conduction in polymer electrolytes. The objective of this research is to develop fundamental knowledge about the conductivity properties of polymer electrolytes in order to create low-cost membranes that can operate at high temperature and relatively low humidity.
Highly Ordered Nanoscale Architectures
Newly designed chemical compositions of diblock copolymers comprised of highly ordered nanoscale architectures will enable the development of new fuel cell membrane materials with enhanced performance characteristics.
Precision Functionalized Polymers
Nanoparticle Stabilization
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Massachusetts Center for Renewable Energy Science & Technology (Mass-CREST)

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Charlie Curcija
Senior Research Fellow, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Engineering Laboratory Building, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-9265
(413) 545-4454
curcija@ceere.org
http://www.ceere.org/faculty/curcija.html
 
 
 
Building Energy Efficiency
Dr. Curcija's research in energy efficiency of buildings is focused on fenestration, building envelopes, whole building energy simulation, commissioning, thermal measurements and sustainable design.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Heat Transfer
Building energy conservation, Building envelope heat transfer, whole building energy simulation.
Fluid Mechanics
Numerical Methods/Computer Modeling in Thermal Fluids Area
Fenestration
Thermal and solar-optical performance of windows, computer modeling and validation of energy performance of windows.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (CEERE) Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL)

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Stephen deBruynKops
Assistant Professor, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
111B Marston, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-2210
413-545-0206
debk@acad.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/mie/faculty/debk.html
 
 
 
Energy Efficiency and Pollutant Prevention through Turbulence Modeling
Prof. de Bruyn Kops is a fluid dynamicist whose research emphasizes transitioning and turbulent flows. He is currently studying variable density, density stratified and chemically-reacting flows. His general approach is to run very large direct numerical simulations (DNS) of a flow of interest and to use the results to understand the underlying physical phenomena.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Turbulent Mixing
Fuel, oxidizer and heat must mix for combustion to occur. Where and how fast this mixing occurs determines what pollutants are formed and the efficieny of the combustion process. In almost all instances, the mixing occurs due to fluid turbulence and so better understanding and modeling of turbulent mixing is fundamental to improving our use of fuels. The results of this research or incorporated into Computational Fluid Dynamics codes and used to improve gas turbine and other combustor designs.
Wind Energy
Atmospheric turbulence is not very well understood, especially over land at night when the air is stabilized due to the air near the ground being cooler, and so heavier, than the air above it. In addition to influencing the movement of pollutants, and thus their immediate effects on people, atmospheric turbulence causes the peak stresses on wind turbine blades. Understanding and modeling the turbulence will enable the design of more optimal wind turbine blades.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Associate Director, Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy http://www.ceere.org/

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Todd Emrick
Assistant Professor, Polymer Science and Engineering
A613 Conte Building, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-9292
(413) 577-1613
tsemrick@mail.pse.umass.edu
http://www.pse.umass.edu/faculty/emrick.html
 
 
 
Functional Polymers
Our research efforts target the synthesis of new materials, based especially on polymers and nanoparticles, for nanotechnology applications. The organic and polymer functionalization of semiconductor quantum dots is providing a means for their fabrication within a wide variety of polymer materials for energy-efficient light emitting devices.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots, and Nanoparticle-Polymer Composite Materials
Light emitting diodes, photovoltaics, sensors
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Massachusetts Center for Renewable Energy Science & Technology (Mass-CREST)

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Sarina Ergas
Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Box 5205, Marston Hall 18B, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-
419-545-3424
ergas@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/index.pl?id=3910&isa=Category&op=show
 
 
 
Reclamation of Industrial Wastewater
Biological treatments may be applied to treat contaminated waste water and air streams. Applications of this technology include significant increases in energy efficiency and pollution reduction.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Wastewater Energy Recovery and Water Reuse
Thermophilic biodegradation of chemical industry wastewaters can be engineered to optimize energy recovery and permit water reuse.
Thermophilic biodegradation of chemical industry wastewaters may be applied toward energy recovery and water reuse.
Wastewater Treatment
NOx Emmissions Treatment
Treatment of NOx emissions from combustion processes using thermophilic nitrifying organisms.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Strategies & Technologies
Beka Kosanovic
Senior Research Fellow, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Engineering Laboratory, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 1003
413-545-2505
kosanovi@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ceere.org/iac/iac_team.html
 
 
 
Industrial Energy Assessment & Combined Heat and Power
Dr. Kosanovic is responsible for managing the industrial audits performed by the Industrial Assessment Center. His research interests are combined heat and power, distributed generation, unit commitment modeling for dispatch of power plants in the gird, gas turbine combustion, mixing, and steam cycle analysis. In addition to his experience at CEERE, he has seven years of experience at an urban power plant/direct heating facility.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Combined Heat and Power
Combined heat and power (CHP) is proven technology capable of providing reliable and efficient electricity and thermal energy in the form of heating, cooling, and steam, while ensuring lower impacts on air, water and precious natural resources. Nationally, the U.S Department of Energy estimates that CHP produced 46 GW of power. DOE's goal is to double that supply to 92 GW by 2010.
Distributed Power Generation
Unit Commitment Modeling for Dispatch of Power Plants in the Grid
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial [Energy] Assessment Center

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Resource Economics
Daniel Lass
Professor, Resource Economics
211 Stockbridge Hall, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-
413-545-1501
dan.lass@resecon.umass.edu
http://www.umass.edu/resec/faculty/lass/
 
 
 
Micro-Econometrics
Professor Lass' microeconometrics research focuses primarily on empirical microeconomic models applied primarily to firm decisions. Past research focused on microeconometric analyses of agricultural production, productivity measurement and decision-making by farm families. Recent research includes modeling commodity pricing and measuring market power.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Measuring and modeling energy supply and demand. Modeling energy pricing.
Assessing the supply and demand of biomass. Estimating models of energy prices, energy demand, substitution possibilities and energy pricing.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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James Manwell
Professor and Director, Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
160 Governor's Dr., University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-
413-577-1249
manwell@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ceere.org/rerl/team/manwell_j.html
 
 
 
Wind Power and Distributed Energy
Prof. Manwell has been working in field of wind energy for over 25 years, where his research interests have focused on wind resource assessment, hybrid power system design, and offshore wind energy. Since the 1980's he has been active in the design and modeling of hybrid power systems, including the development of the Hybrid2 computer code. Hybrid systems include multiple types of generators, electrical loads, storage units and control systems. Under his direction, the Renewable Energy Research Laboratory installed in 1994 the first utility scale (250 kW) wind turbine in Massachusetts. More recently, he has assisted the Town of Hull in acquiring a 660 kW wind turbine in 2001 (the largest in New England at that time), followed by a 1.8 MW wind turbine in 2006 (again, the largest in New England). He is currently working with the Town of Hull to design a small offshore wind farm. He is an author of a textbook on wind energy: Wind Energy Explained: Theory, Design and Application. Currently he is the U.S. representatives to the International Electrotechnical Commission’s program (IEC TC88 WG3) to develop design standards for offshore wind turbines. He is also a member of the Planning Group for the International Science Panel on Renewable Energy.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Hybrid Power System Modeling
Hybrid systems include multiple types of generators, electrical loads, storage units and control systems. Improved distributed systems and enhanced battery performance will diversify and strengthen the national power infrastructure.
Wind-Based Renewable Energy
The Renewable Energy Research Laboratory installed in 1994 the first utility scale (250 kW) wind turbine in Massachusetts. This turbine forms an integral part of the research and education program at the University.
Off-Shore Wind Power
Development of off-shore wind power generation systems will enable greater access to this renewable resource. Consortium planning: MTC/DOE/GE/MIT/Woods Hole. Research outcomes include - Wind farm optimization: Structures and foundations. Economics, environment, and grid integration.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Renewable Energy Research Laboratory

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Jon McGowan
Professor, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
220 Elab, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-2210
413-545-2756
jgmcgowan@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/mie/faculty/mcgowan.html
 
 
 
Wind Power and Distributed Energy
Work has focused on analytical models for component of wind and distributed energy system performance analysis, and experimental work dealing with the calibration/validation of such models.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Energy conversion systems
Development of models and design codes for hybrid (wind/diesel/PV) energy systems, and the improvements of components (such as the diesel generator or battery storage) for hybrid systems
Windpower systems
Key design variables of wind turbines, and the economic and performance analysis of large scale wind systems, especially in the environment of New England
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Renewable Energy Research Laboratory

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Strategies in Transportation
Anna Nagurney
Director, Virtual Center for Supernetworks and Supernetworks Laboratory for Computation and Visualization - John F. Smith Memorial Professor, Finance and Operations Management
SOM 316, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-
413-545-5635
nagurney@gbfin.umass.edu
http://www.isenberg.umass.edu/finopmgt/Faculty/Profiles/Anna_Nagurney/
 
 
 
Sustainable Supply Chains
Professor Nagurney specializes in sustainable supply chains, including electric power generation and distribution networks, and transportation networks.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Supply Chain Networks
Modeling interrelationships among decision-makers in supply chains, ranging from manufacturers, distributors, and retailers, to the consumers, assuming individualized behavior. Applications of the supernetwork theory to supply chains of electric power generation and distribution networks.
Sustainable Transportation Networks
Professor Nagurney's supernetworks theories have applications for the formulation, analysis, and computation of solutions to challenges posed by large-scale transportation networks through the use of appropriate policies ranging from tolls and tradable pollution permits to the design of the networks themselves.
Policy Modeling
Research also includes the modeling of environmental/energy policies such as taxes and tradable permits in the context of electric power supply chain networks as well as transportation networks.
Reverse Logistics
Electric recycling networks
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):
Virtual Center for Supernetworks

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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Omid Oliaei
Associate Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering
215A Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-9292
413-577-1970
oliaei@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/ece/dept/people/faculty/oliaei.html
 
 
 
Flame Characterization
Professor Oliaei employs a range of analytical methods in order to characterize flame types, including: Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits, Analog and Digital Signal Processing, System Integration, CAD, Signal Theory, Noise and Stochastic Signals.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Three-Dimensional Characterization of Combustion Flames
Flame characterization may be applied to the design of more efficient combustion systems in power plants and automobile engines.
Online Fuel Identification
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Strategies
Rutherford Platt
Professor, Geosciences
Department of Geosciences Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-5820
413-545-2499
platt@geo.umass.edu
http://www.geo.umass.edu/faculty/platt/
 
 
 
Ecological Urban Environments
Professor Platt specializes in public policy concerning urban land and water resources. The Ecological Cities program founded by Dr. Platt seeks to promote sharing of knowledge and experience among disciplines, sectors, and urban regions regarding new approaches to urban greenspace creation and management.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Sustainable development
New approaches to urban greenspace creation and management resulting in more energy efficient and livable cities.
Land use law
More judicious land use policies may contribute to increased energy efficiency and more sustainable use of natural resources.
Water Resource Administration
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
David Schmidt
Assistant Professor, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
201B Marston Hall, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-2210
413-545-1393
schmidt@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/mie/faculty/schmidt.html
 
 
 
Fluid Dynamics of Fuel Injection
The fuel injection process, which is a critical part of nearly all liquid-fueled engines, is one of the most complex and sensitive parts of engine design. The quality of the fuel/air mixing determines whether a engine runs relatively cleanly or emits unacceptable amounts of pollution. By optimizing the fuel injection process, we can develop strategies that allow us to run engines more efficiently with lower emissions. Schmidt's research group develops sophisticated simulation capabilities so that potential designs can be evaluated through computer calculation.
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Fuel injection modeling
Diesel fuel injection is especially interesting because it combines cavitation with sprays. The fuel injector nozzles are usually cavitating. This cavitation process enhances the liquid atomization. Optimized nozzle design can enhance atomization, improve fuel mixing, and ultimately increase combustion engine efficiency and reduce pollution.
Atomization and Two-Phase Flow in Power Systems
Computational Fluid Dynamics can be used to optimize fuel/air mixing or investigate novel atomization technologies.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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   Advanced Energy Research >> Use >> Conservation Technology
Phillip Westmoreland
Professor, Chemical Engineering
157A Goessmann Lab, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003-3110
413-545-1750
westm@ecs.umass.edu
http://www.ecs.umass.edu/che/faculty/westmoreland.html
 
 
 
Energy Efficiency Promotion and Pollutant Prevention through Flame Measurement and Modeling
 
 
Energy Research Interest
Potential Application
Molecular-beam mass spectrometry
MBMS is a key tool for us, used to measure concentrations of free radicals and molecules in low-pressure flames. With these data, we have evaluated and developed elementary-reaction mechanisms of pyrolysis, oxidation, and growth. Rate constants are both measured in the experiments and predicted by quantum reaction theories, and concentrations are predicted from the full mechanisms by solving coupled transport equations. This work has revealed unusual pressure dependences and new reactions that are now supported by data. The results are being used to design new gas turbines.
Flame Modeling
Model flames using complete reactions. Develop reaction models with computational quantum chemistry and quantum reaction theory. Research outcomes may be used to design clean, efficient jet engines and powerplant turbines.
 
 
Center/Institute Affiliation(s):


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Research
Centers

Building Energy Efficiency Program

Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Center for Process Design and Control

Center for Renewable Energy Science and Technology (MassCREST)

Climate System Research Center

Environmental Biotechnology Center - Geobacter Project

Industrial Assessment Center

Renewable Energy Research Laboratory

The Environmental Institute

Virtual Center for Supernetworks

Water Resources Research Center

Technology Transfer

 
 
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