UMass Amherst
Department of Plant, Soil & Insect Sciences
Department of Plant, Soil & Insect Sciences

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The Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences currently offers an Undergraduate Major Degree Program in Plant & Soil Sciences. In addition, for University students with a major outside of our Department, we offer three Minor Degree Programs in Plant & Soil Sciences, Entomology, and Plant Pathology. If you have any questions after looking over the material presented, please do not hesitate to contact the Department.

The Undergraduate Major Degree Program

The Department of Plant, Soil, and Insect Sciences is the academic home to faculty, staff, and students interested in environmentally-conscious and socially-responsible management of plant, soil, and entomological systems. This includes managed crop production and the interface of managed and natural systems within urban and suburban settings, focusing on plant, soil, and water resource management. Research, teaching, and out-reach programs emphasize the study and technology transfer related to growth of food and ornamental crops, protection of soil and water resources, improvement of plants, development of new crops, management of harvested materials, remediation of pollution in soil and water, and use of urban and agricultural by-products. A degree in Plant, Soil, and Insect Sciences is for students interested in such issues as:

  • producing locally grown food and feed crops
  • reducing land and water pollution
  • enhancing the beauty of homes, towns, cities, and businesses
  • expanding enjoyment of parks, athletic fields, and other green areas
  • improving outdoor and indoor air quality
  • developing new crops and cropping systems
  • increasing world food supply, safety, and quality
  • maintaining the health of ornamental, edible, and forage crops
  • understanding ecological relationships in the natural environment

Much of the students’ learning comes through work with actual problems in the classroom, laboratory, greenhouse, and field settings. The department has a number of greenhouses on campus, and off-campus facilities include a 200-acre experimental orchard, a research and teaching farm for weed science, vegetable and field crops, as well as an experimental turf farm. Faculty members in the department are actively engaged in research that facilitates instruction on the most up-to-date information and technologies.

Curriculum | Career/Academic Opportunities
Complete Guide
| Areas of Concentration
Program Options | Internships and Independent Study
Transferring from Another College or University

The Curriculum
The undergraduate curriculum in Plant, Soil, and Insect Sciences is unique in that students can tailor their course work to best reflect individual academic interests and career goals. The major encompasses a broad range of related disciplines dealing with plants, soils, insects, and the environment in general. Programs of study currently available include ornamental horticulture, turfgrass management, soil science, sustainable agriculture and crop production, food systems studies, plant disease management, and entomology. Several of these program areas allow the option of selecting between either a business management or an applied science focus.

Students begin their studies with introductory classes in the major and with general education courses required of all University students. These initial courses, which include biology, soils, math, and chemistry, form the foundation for more advanced study in the major. The exact sequence of courses is  determined by the student’s selection of an Area of Concentration. Independent studies and internships are available under each of the concentrations, providing students with the opportunity to integrate laboratory and field work into their curriculum.

Career and Graduate School Opportunities
Plant and Soil Sciences graduates are highly employable within their field of specialization. Our graduates are employed in professions as varied as  environmental consulting, agronomic and horticultural crop production, secondary school instruction, and golf course and parks management, just to name a few.

Recent Plant and Soil Sciences graduates are employed as:

  • Growers of ornamental and edible crops
  • Regulatory officials
  • Sales representatives of agricultural products
  • Managers of golf courses, parks, garden centers, greenhouses, and nurseries
  • Teachers of vocational agricultural and high-school biology
  • Supervisors of landscape construction and maintenance organizations
  • Scientists, research technicians, and consultants
  • Surveyors of soils and wetlands

A significant number of our graduates continue working towards advanced degrees which provide additional opportunities in research, teaching, consulting and public service in their chosen area of specialization. Several recent graduates are presently enrolled in M.S. and Ph.D. programs studying environmental soil chemistry, wetland science, developmental plant biology, and plant pathology.

The Complete Undergraduate Major Guide
The following sections are an introduction to the areas of concentrations and program tracts offered by the Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences Undergraduate Major Program. For complete information, including all course and credit requirements, please refer to or download the Undergraduate Major Guide.

Areas of Concentration

General Studies is for students who want a diverse sampling of courses in plant, soil, and insect sciences and a wide variety of experiences in their studies.  Students select courses from a number of subject areas, giving them a broad-based foundation and making them competitive for a variety of employment opportunities requiring broad horticultural knowledge. Students wishing to emphasize insect sciences or plant pathology in their curriculum should select the General Studies program.

Ornamental Horticulture focuses on the identification, production, marketing, and use of herbaceous and woody ornamental plants. Course work includes classes in plant identification, greenhouse management, woody plant production, floricultural crop production, plant propagation, and integrated pest management.  Cultural practices and environmental effects on plant growth and health are covered in detail.  The curriculum provides up-to-date information on relevant topics such as optimizing plant yield and quality, reducing groundwater pollution, conserving energy, and using environmentally safe and economically feasible methods of pest control.  The Ornamental Horticulture concentration prepares students for rewarding careers in private industry, state and federal agencies, public gardens, and conservatories.

Soil Science examines the role of soil in the environment, focusing on physical, biological, chemical, and morphological properties. Courses also focus on the need for productive soils in plant growth, prevention of soil degradation, bio-remediation, pollution transport processes, waste treatment, wetland issues, and control of water  pollution by soil-borne contaminants.  With an emphasis on protecting valuable resources, students study soil chemistry, plant nutrition, soil physics, soil microbiology, soil and water conservation, and soil classification. Graduates of this program are eligible for professional certification at both regional and national levels. Employment is found in both public and private sectors, working for state and federal natural resource agencies, environmental consulting firms, and research institutions.

Sustainable Agriculture — Crop Production focuses on the production of food, fiber, and other plant commodities through ecologically sound, economically viable, and socially conscience approaches. Students have the opportunity to focus their studies in the areas of agronomy, fruit and/or vegetable production. The curriculum emphasizes sustainable crop production, cultural requirements, crop physiology,  soil productivity, prevention of soil and water degradation, integrated pest management, food quality, and post-harvest handling and storage.  The University’s location in the Pioneer Valley, a major vegetable production area, affords students access to local farms for first-hand views of modern cultural practices.  Our nearby orchard serves as a living laboratory where students study commercial apple production as well as learning about stone fruits, small fruits, and berry crop production. The program stresses the concepts and practices vital to the preservation of natural resources in managed plant systems.

Sustainable Agriculture — Food Systems prepares students for careers in policy, advocacy, community outreach and education on topics related to crop production, food access, and hunger issues, just to name a few. The curriculum combines a solid foundation in horticulture and pest management, and then allows customizing by the student in areas such as business administration, non-profit organization, sociology, political science, community outreach and education, among others. By combining crop production training with skills in communication, education, grant writing, nutrition, resource economics, land use planning, cultural sensitivity, community organizing, and/or policy development, students will gain a broader understanding of the many socioeconomic aspects surrounding food production, access and distribution.  Graduates will be uniquely qualified to compete successfully for a wide array of emerging careers in the growing field of food systems.   

Turf Management focuses on the production and maintenance of grassed areas, including home lawns, parks, golf courses and other athletic surfaces.  This concentration integrates scientific theory with practical experience, and covers such topics as grass and seed identification, turfgrass culture and physiology, pest control, and equipment maintenance.  Many graduates find employment in the golf course industry, while others choose to specialize in sports turf management. The lawn care industry also employs many of our graduates in jobs as varied as research, sales, and direct lawn maintenance. Excellent career opportunities exist in turf management, and job placement of our graduates is nearly 100 percent.

Program Options

Most of our program areas can be further customized by selecting either a Business Management Track or a Science Track. Selection of a track is usually dependent upon a student’s long-term career goals. Consultation with an academic advisor is recommended if a student is not certain which Track is most appropriate.

Business Management Track
This option emphasizes the managerial, marketing, and economic  aspects of a career in plant and soil sciences.  Course work may be supplemented with internships or Cooperative Education experiences, providing students with firsthand experience of the marketplace and competitive economic systems. This track is appropriate for those students desiring careers as managers of nurseries, greenhouses, or landscaping firms; or as superintendents of golf courses; or as directors of landscape/grounds departments for major athletic stadiums, as well as public or private park systems.  This track is also suitable for those seeking to become entrepreneurs with a desire to own their own wholesale or retail horticultural business. The Business Management  Track is available to students pursuing the following program areas: General Studies, Ornamental Horticulture, Turf Management, and Sustainable Agriculture-Crop Production.
           
Science Track
This option prepares students for careers in research and development, graduate school study, or other work in the scientific aspects of the field. Students are encouraged to gain additional insight into their fields of study by participating in laboratory and field research projects with faculty.

Graduates completing our Science Track have found employment in major conservatories and arboreta around the country. Others work as research technicians studying aspects of plant breeding, disease and/or pest management, or work for industry in agrochemical product development. Other former students are employed as soil conservationists, soil scientists, or private consultants in natural resource protection (just to name a few examples). 

Internships and Independent Study

The Department of Plant, Soil, and Insect Sciences encourages majors to enhance their programs of study with an Internship experience or an Independent Study.  These opportunities provide students with experience and training that will be useful in career planning as well as in decision-making about fields of possible graduate study. Students must have attained at least sophomore status and be in good academic standing. No more than three (3) credits of independent study or internship can be used to satisfy departmental credit requirements.

Internships: An Internship is a summer or semester-long work experience that allows students to “apprentice” with professionals from their field.  Internships are intended to be a learning experience, and most do not provide significant monetary compensation. Instead, academic credits are earned. Usually 12 credits are earned during one semester and 3 to 6 credits are earned for a summer program.  Prior to undertaking an internship, an Academic Contract must be completed by the student and his/her faculty sponsor including planned activities, a statement of objectives, as well as criteria for evaluation and grading. Note: The University will accept up to 15 practicum credits towards the 120 credits required for graduation.

Independent Study: Students wishing to complete a research project or independent learning project must select a faculty member within the department who will approve the project and provide guidance.  An Independent Study Form must be completed which specifies the number of credits to be earned, a statement of objectives, planned activities, and criteria to be used for evaluation and grading.  This form must be filed with the Department’s Undergraduate Program Office  before the project is initiated.

Transferring From Another College or University?
Students interested in transferring to the University should have taken courses in a variety of disciplines (including writing/composition, humanities, social sciences, mathematics, and natural sciences). The Plant & Soil Sciences major requires more than 60 semester credit hours of plant and soil sciences or related course work, so early transfer is recommended to avoid delay of graduation. We recommend that prospective transfer students contact our Undergraduate Program Office as early as possible to discuss appropriate transfer course work. All Departmental majors must complete coursework in introductory botany, soils, chemistry, statistics and mathematics through the pre-calculus level.

Undergraduate Minor Program Offerings

Plant and Soil Sciences
Entomology
Plant Pathology

Interested? Please contact:

Deborah Picking
Undergraduate Program Director
Plant, Soil & Insect Sciences
103 French Hall
University of Massachusetts
Amherst MA 01003
Tel. (413) 545-2249
FAX (413) 545-3075
dpicking@psis.umass.edu


 

 

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